Five Predictions For 2025

No, I don’t expect the world to end, but 12 months from now, we’ll be living in a vastly different country, the same way we’re living in a different country today than we were 12 months ago.

The dawning of a new age? Or the beginning of an end?

Now that we’re over halfway through January, and Donald Trump is officially back in the White House, I think it’s time for some predictions of what I think 2025 has in store. If you’ve been reading my Substack for anything length of time, you ought to know by now that I consider this year to be a pivotal one in history. No, I don’t expect the world to end, but 12 months from now, we’ll be living in a vastly different country, the same way we’re living in a different country today than we were 12 months ago.

This isn’t meant to be a deep dive. Not only is futurism the most inexact of sciences, I feel like I’ve already done the deep dives in other essays. There’s not going to be a lot here I haven’t covered previously. Each one of the following five predictions could end up becoming essays of their own, so for the sake of brevity, I’m going to stick to telling readers what I think will happen and leave it at that.

Let’s get right into it.

The End Of An Era

Back in 2022, I mused that we could be three years away from the end of America as we know it. Well, it’s three years later now. For the first time ever, Max’s credibility will be put to the test.

Longtime readers know this has been the one steadfast prediction of mine since I started my Substack. My opinions on other topics, such as the likelihood of civil war, have changed over time. But I’ve been quite consistent on the point that 2025 will be a turning point in American history, marking the end of the order that’s defined our existence our whole lives.

My thinking is influenced by this essay by Dr. Alfred W. McCoy of the University of Wisconsin, who in 2010 predicted America would collapse in 2025.

He wrote:

Available economic, educational, and military data indicate that, when it comes to U.S. global power, negative trends will aggregate rapidly by 2020 and are likely to reach a critical mass no later than 2030. The American Century, proclaimed so triumphantly at the start of World War II, will be tattered and fading by 2025, its eighth decade, and could be history by 2030.

Then there’s also the fact we’re currently in a Fourth Turning. Based off the idea that history unfolds in cyclical fashion, the idea, as proposed by William Strauss and Neil Howe, is that roughly every 80 years, American history, as well as Western history, more broadly, undergoes a major crisis that forces the country to fight for it’s survival. In the aftermath, the country ends up basically reinventing itself, charting a completely new course for itself, as a new world order also emerges. According to the Strauss-Howe theory, we’re currently in that final, fourth stage of the cycle, and we’re in crisis.

If this period of crisis began in 2008, and each turning lasts on average 20 to 25 years, we’re now in year 17 of the current Fourth Turning. All Fourth Turnings have been book-ended by a cataclysmic event - usually a war - which, as just explained, forces the country to fight for it’s survival and to reinvent itself in the process. This summer will be 80 years removed from the end of World War II, which marked the end of the last Fourth Turning. 80 years before that marked the end of the Civil War. 70 to 90 years before that, the United States fought for its independence from Britain and established a new country in the aftermath. The validity of the Strauss-Howe model has been proven by history time and again. The fact that events have become so unstable in recent times further validates the model.

We’re very much in the danger zone. From now and onward, we need to prepare ourselves for the fact that either a civil war, revolution, or a world war may occur. Whatever comes to pass, it’ll be something which forces America to fight for its survival, the state for its legitimacy. Unfortunately, it means lots of people will die in the process, but we’ll talk about that later. For now, we need to face the fact that American power has been waning and our ability to influence world affairs to our benefit has diminished greatly. For example, despite lavish American support, the Russo-Ukrainian war still rages on. Though the operation is still ongoing, the U.S. suffered an under-reported strategic defeat in the Red Sea last year when it failed to stop attacks on commercial shipping by rebels in Yemen who supported Gaza’s struggle against Israel. Nobody is intimidated by America any longer.

What will losing our status as superpower look like? I’d wager it’d be a major foreign policy crisis. I’d guess it’d be something like a confrontation with Iran, likely related to Israel. The U.S. could try to form a global coalition against Iran, only to find that they stand alone, leaving Washington in the unenviable position of either going at it on their own or abandoning Israel. Or maybe Ukraine is finally forced to come to terms with Russia, which would absolutely be considered a loss for both Ukraine and the U.S., since defeating Russia outright was the whole point. Whatever it is, it’s going to be a moment where the U.S. cannot use its might to get its way, or outright fails to react to a crisis.

Will we feel the affects of losing superpower status immediately? Maybe, maybe not. It’s important to remember this isn’t a societal collapse. This is a political collapse. The immediate effects tend to be intangible, noticed only by those who are well tuned in to politics. The tangible effects will be felt years down the road: decline of the dollar, making international agreements which are increasingly less favorable to the U.S., foreign adversaries acting more belligerently towards America.

Superpower collapse will mark the end of a historic era. But it’ll also be the beginning of some serious troubles for the U.S.

There Won’t Be A Civil War

Not yet, anyway.

Popular YouTube historian Rudyard “Whatifalthist” Lynch has had a rough go of it lately, in part due to predictions he made in the weeks leading up to the election that 1,000 people would die due to political violence between November 5 and April. Theoretically, there’s still time for his prediction to pan out. But in practice? It gets less and less likely by the day.

The biggest force acting against the outbreak of civil war in 2025 is that the energy for it simply isn’t there. I think 2020 was the last time this country came close to civil war, and even then, it was a long shot. Just getting to that level of pent-up energy took four years, plus a Black Swan event coming in the form of COVID. It’s going to take at least another few years of anger, fear, and loathing getting built up, along with yet another Black Swan event, for a genuine risk of civil war to entire the picture once more. As Fabian Ommar, a prepper from Brazil, once said, “Civil War isn’t a fire waiting for a spark.”

I think the aftermath of the 2024 election shows that everyone has not only been drained of outrage, a discernible attitude shift has occurred, the so-called “vibe shift,” if you will. The election was narrowly won by Trump over Kamala Harris, but since he won both the popular and electoral vote, there wasn’t much to complain about. I also think the Left is an exhausted force, and though many still support the establishment regime, we’re at a point where nobody’s willing to forcefully defend it, either. As Rod Dreher noted recently, a reason why the Communist regime ruling the Soviet Union collapsed is that when it finally proved to the world how hollow is actually was, everyone decided they weren’t really communists, after all. Nobody wants to be part of a losing team.

YouTube historian Monsieur Z recently had a great explainer on America’s fascination with a second civil war and why this fascination eventually faded out:

If you didn’t watch the video (you should, it’s not that long), the gist of it is that the Right effectively exceeded its comfort level for violence. Not only was it up against a much more formidable adversary in the Left, Trump himself, who played a dangerous game at times, wasn’t exactly Caesar crossing the Rubicon. Combined with the Left exhausting itself over the last four years with their insanity and overreach, the Right began to believe in a political solution again. This culminated in Trump winning last year’s election.

This isn’t to say a civil war would be more likely had Harris won. However, a Harris victory would’ve energized the Left to the point they chose to go for broke. Who knows what would’ve happened then? I still don’t think a civil war would happen in 2025, since it’d now be the Right that’s an exhausted force. But it also means that the risk of one in the future would be that much higher. Either way, 2025 isn’t the year.

I still maintain America will see a civil war in the next five to ten years. We’re in the Fourth Turning, so unless the cycle breaks this time, something - civil war, revolution, world war - has to happen. If it’s 2033 and it doesn’t look like it’s going to happen, I doubt it will for the remainder of our lifetimes. However, I believe around 2027 to 2028, the next election, things will have heated back up to the point where the risk of the civil war will once again be significant. Throw in a Black Swan event, and you’re also looking at a major outbreak of violence, one which may draw a permanent divide among Americans, a divide which can be erased only by war.

I guess we’ll just have to cross that bridge when we get to it.

We’ll Avoid Recession, But Inflation May Return

Let’s begin with recession. It’s truly a mystery why America hasn’t had one since 2008. The 2020 recession was induced by anti-COVID-19 policies, so it’s been over 15 years since we last had a naturally-caused economic downturn. Of course, economic activity isn’t natural, but what I mean is a recession that wasn’t deliberately induced as it was in 2020.

There is a camp out there that believes Democratic presidents are better for the economy and they cite the performance of the economy under outgoing President Joe Biden as proof of that fact. I think the reality is that the Democrats are more willing to use the power of the state, along with the money printer, to kick the can down the road and keep people spending money, which is what’s driving most of our economic growth.

According to economist David Rosenberg, that’s exactly why a recession remains a risk over the next few years, if not in 2025:

Such a booming landscape doesn’t make Rosenberg drop his recession call, but he said there are three reasons the US has been able to navigate the uncertainty so far.

First, he highlighted the historically low levels of debt refinancing in 2020 and 2021, which have so far prevented the Fed’s aggressive tightening measures from being fully felt in the broader economy.

“This made the economy less sensitive to the interest rate shift, to be sure, but that only bought time. In the next three years, especially in the business sector, it is going to be time to ‘pay the piper’ as an epic $7 trillion of corporate debt will be refinanced and likely at much higher interest rates than at the time of origination,” he said.

Rosenberg also echoes my point that extensive state intervention is what’s keeping the economy humming along. The trade-off, of course, is that it ties economic prospects more tightly to the state in the process. The federal government will need to routinely stimulate the economy to maintain growth. Unfortunately, this will lead to inflation, which we all know is not only bad for the consumer, but bad politics also. Still, it appears we have reached a point where the state is willing to risk higher levels of inflation in exchange for maintaining growth levels, thereby avoiding recessions.

As explained in Lyn Alden’s latest newsletter:

This dynamic leads to an inflationary feedback loop: rising rates increase government interest payments, which widen deficits and stimulate economic activity, keeping inflation elevated.

At the same time, much of the private sector’s debt is fixed and long-term, making it less immediately sensitive to higher interest rates. In this environment, fiscal deficits become the dominant force driving economic activity and inflation, and traditional monetary policy tools, like interest rate hikes, lose their effectiveness—a hallmark of fiscal dominance.

The simplest summary is this: as long as the government is able and willing to spend and rack up exorbitant amounts of debt, they could conceivably avoid a recession almost indefinitely, with the caveat being what David Rosenberg said about corporate debt reaching unsustainable levels in a few years. Unlike the federal government, corporations cannot print their own money and they certainly can’t tax anyone.

So, for now, no recession, but inflation is something we’ll need to continue to contend with. A lot of predictions have been made that Trump’s tariffs may also cause strong inflation, but I’m going to hold fire on that until they’re in place, as I don’t know enough about it to speak confidently. My gut tells me they’re a negotiating tactic more than anything else. The reality with inflation is that a certain level of it is going to be necessary at some point, if we really want to see wages rise in America. There’s no way for wages to rise without there being some inflation. Deflation, the decrease in the cost of goods and services, is actually a bad thing, as it only happens during times of economic decline. So as long as inflation doesn’t reach 9% like it did back in summer 2022, we should be fine.

But Max! So many people are struggling to make ends meet and everything is still so expensive! Yes, that’s all true. The day-to-day reality doesn’t match the mathematical reality. However, this doesn’t mean the economy is in recession or on the verge of collapse. How the economy performs on paper isn’t the same as how the economy performs in your daily lives. The only people who truly benefit from the economy are those who own assets and property, but if things get tough for them also, then we’re in real trouble. It’s not a good thing that we’re living in two different realities with respect to the economy, but things would be much worse if nobody was benefiting from the economy.

Lyn Alden’s latest newsletter says as much:

This divergence highlights a frustrating reality for households. While inflation may appear under control according to the CPI, surging asset prices erode purchasing power and make them increasingly unaffordable for many. Asset price inflation favors high-income earners and those who entered the period already holding significant assets, exacerbating wealth concentration and deepening social divisions.

I contend that by the next presidential election, the state of the economy will have deteriorated, and the level of debt will be a major talking point. However, if you think the debt bubble is going to burst or the economy is going to collapse in the 2020s, prepare to be disappointed for the gorillionth time.

Lyn Alden explains why on X:

The US has defaulted multiple times, but the punchline about the current system is that the dollar is defined by nothing, and thus things can run a long, long time without defaulting.

It does have consequences, but it keeps running.

Hence, nothing stops this train this decade.

Not even an energy crisis, like the one predicted by fellow financial analyst Erik Townsend, will bring the show to a halt:

If energy prices go up, they have to print more, not less. The train keeps going.

And they’ll outbid from poor countries for energy like Europe did in 2022 while pretending to be noble about it.

If it does stop, according to Alden, we’ve got until the 2030s:

Once things progress to the 2030s and Social Security runs out of funds mid-decade, everything needs to re-assess.

The train could continue from there, but there are actual potential impairments.

Before then, like in any real investment horizon, nothing stops it.

Just to sum it up, it keeps going until it doesn’t, so quit predicting a recession or collapse. The saying “If something cannot go on forever, it will stop” never says when anything will come to an end, just that it will.

Probably not in 2025, though. For now, expect the economy to continue rolling along more or less as it has been, with the understanding prices will continue to rise, with wages struggling to keep up.

The American Internal Conflict Will Intensify

While a civil war won’t happen in 2025, the seeds for the next one will certainly be planted this year. Donald Trump is deeply radicalizing for the Left and groups like Antifa have never went away. While most Americans, including on the Left, have tired of it all, and have no interest in defending the prevailing order, let alone opposing the nascent right-wing order, there still exists a potent minority which refuses to go down without a fight.

The civil war I keep mentioning is part of a much broader, longer term internal conflict which will last a generation or more. I believe this conflict to have begun during the first Trump administration, hit a high point in 2020, then de-escalated the last four years, and will ramp up again in 2025. The far-left violent extremist group Antifa have never went away and are prime to ramp up their activities once again, and even far-right militants like the Proud Boys might make a comeback in response, especially with the pardoning of their leader, Enrique Tarrio, by Trump.

For well over a decade now, protests have been a feature of the landscape. They’ll not only continue, but they’ll become more disruptive and violent, especially if under the Trump administration the authorities try cracking down on the already-pervasive disruption and terrorizing nature of current protests, such as blocking traffic. The nature of protest will be contradictory, in that it’ll attract fewer people from across American life, while becoming increasingly the refuge of the extremists and radicals. Unfortunately, the Left will still sponsor protests and engage in lawfare to ensure they have license violate the rights of others.

But the biggest threat isn’t ideological. I’ve been predicting for some time now that immigration could very well become the issue that draws a hard line in the sand and I think recent events show that could end up being the case. Mass deportations have started, and though so far without incident, at some point, we can expect some resistance. If left-wing political leaders and activists start aiding illegal immigrants, forcing authorities to use heavier-handed tactics to arrest and deport, we could see stand-offs which threaten to devolve into violence. Then the risk of civil war will ramp back up dramatically.

I’m still developing this thesis in my head, but I do have concerns that illegal immigrants, with aid from groups like Antifa, may be able to wage a low-level insurgency. I don’t know if we’re going to see such a thing materialize in 2025, but it’s not a threat we can rule out at this point. Key to this is how hard the Left is truly willing to fight for illegal immigrants. Are they willing to risk violence? Time will tell.

Finally, I believe crime will intensify once again. I don’t think it’ll skyrocket, but as I’ve explained on more than one occasion, the general trend in crime since 2014 has been an upwards trend. The bigger problem is the regime of the anarcho-tyranny which went into overdrive under the Biden administration and the resulting disorder that ensued. It’s not going to be overturned in a year, so for the foreseeable future, we’ll have to deal with the residual consequences of not just the last four years, but the last several decades. Anarcho-tyranny was first identified as a phenomenon by the late Sam Francis in 1992, meaning we’ve been living under such an order our entire lives.

The 2024 election showed Americans believe life is becoming increasingly chaotic and disorderly, preferring to course-correct now while the country still hasn’t gone off the cliff. Unfortunately, as with so many things in this world, it’ll have to get worse before it gets better.

Relations With Mexico Will Deteriorate

Look at how some Mexicans are taking the return of Trump to the U.S. presidency:

Source

Aww… poor Mexicans! They’re forced to live in their country because Donald Trump doesn’t want them in America!

Anyway, the Mexican government, under their own new president, Claudia Sheinbaum, has been signalling a more hostile tack towards the U.S. under Trump. Knowing that the returning president seeks a “re-balancing” of the relationship between the bordering states, Sheinbaum has been firing shots across the bow of her own.

In fact, Trump’s return seems to have united the fiercely nationalistic country:

So far Trump’s bluster about Mexico has only served to further unite the country under the leadership of President Sheinbaum, even the opposition governors signed onto this statement in defense of Mexican sovereignty.

America is better off having productive relations with Mexico. They are our neighbor, after all. However, the U.S. cannot allow itself to be pushed around by Mexico, either. Mexico is the equivalent of a loud, inconsiderate neighbor who still expects you to act neighborly in turn. When you try pushing back in the slightest, they cry, gnash their teeth, and wail, starting as much drama as possible to have their way. Mexico can be useful to the U.S. in many ways, but they need to understand: we don’t exist for their benefit. We exist for ourselves.

Mexico is a country we’ll need to talk about more in the coming weeks and months. For now, know that they’re going to reveal themselves to be more foe than friend, and all Americans need to come to terms with that sooner rather than later. Maybe we were always meant to be adversaries.

Not All Predictions Are Equal

A word about prediction-making: I’ve had a number of spirited discussions with a good friend about the nature of predicting. Though we both agree that futurism is among the most imperfect of sciences, one where you’re guaranteed to be wrong at least 70 percent of the time, where we disagree is on the validity of predictions.

On the one hand, you have people like my friend who think all predictions carry the same weight because they’re all a shot in the dark. On the other hand, you have people like me, who think some predictions are worth more than others, because they’re at least based on data or discernible trend lines. I’m of the belief that the future isn’t quite as unpredictable as we give it credit for, because history does show events tend to follow certain patterns. As the old saying goes, “History may not repeat itself, but it rhymes.”

Put another way, there’s a difference between saying “Secession will happen violently in America because history shows no country as old as ours has ever seceded peacefully” versus saying “Secession can happen peacefully because anything is possible.” One is rooted in historical fact, the other is rooted in, well, nothing. To suggest the two statements carry the same amount of validity is intellectually dishonest.

Put still another way, if birth rates have been on the decline for a decade or more, the only reasonable projection is that birth rates will continue to decline. For someone to argue that birth rates will reverse themselves requires pointing to facts or trends which directly suggest a reversal. Arguing that it’ll reverse because “it has to” or because “you never know” aren’t arguments at all. They’re sentiments.

The fact is, those who make educated predictions are more right than those who don’t, even as their failure rate remains high. For example, geopolitical analyst George Friedman predicted back in his 2009 book The Next 100 Years: A Forecast for the 21st Century that Turkey would become a major world player during the 2010s. I think he was right on that point. Friedman also predicted crisis in Europe due to demographic pressures; he’s been absolutely vindicated on that point. Even his predictions which were wrong weren’t wildly off the mark, either. Meanwhile, people in the prepper/survivalist community have predicted civil war and economic collapse for years, and nothing of the sort has yet to occur.

Not all predictions are alike. They’re just not. It’s intellectual cowardice to say that an uninformed prediction being wrong is entirely attributable to unpredictability, when it’s actually just a matter of the prediction being based on something other than fact. If anyone actually believes this, they may as well not pay attention to weather forecasts, which are based on facts, since they’re ultimately no better than taking a complete shot at the dark.

The lesson here is that not all predictions carry the same weight. That’s never been true, nor will it ever. I didn’t make this Substack to predict the future; I’ve always been about helping readers understand events as they unfold. But there’s no harm in hazarding a prediction, either, as long as it’s based on fact, and you admit that you’re wrong when you are.

Which leads to my bonus sixth prediction: I’m going to be wrong about everything I said here. I’m confident my predictions align with facts or real-world trends, yet I concede that the world always has other plans. So, sit back and bear witness to history. If it turns out you were wrong, then learn from it to improve your prediction-making skills.

F**k You Very Much, Joe

A common sight during his presidency. His back turned to his country.

I’m going to rage a bit before we close things out. As Trump returns to the Oval Office, we see Joe Biden off after four years as president. I’ve been very harsh on the 46th president on this blog, and for good reason. He’s the living embodiment of all that is wrong with the leadership in this country, someone who harbors tremendous disdain for the country he led, and provided cover for the people committed to the self-destruction of this country.

Let’s a take a look at some of his finest moments. Here’s Biden, back in 2020, calling Antifa, the far-left extremist group an “idea, not an organization:”

Source

The problem is that this is, of course, a bold-faced lie. Antifa is not only very much an organization, they’re as active as ever. Read this thread if you want to an inside scoop into what they’re up to these days. Antifa is a group we’ll need to talk more about in some future essay, but for now, know that they’re real, they’re active, and we haven’t even begun to see just how vicious they can be. And President Biden provided cover for them. Cover for extremists. I thought presidents weren’t supposed to do that?

In a recent farewell address, Biden lamented the fact the country was being taken over by an “oligarchy:”

“I want to warn the country of some things that give me great concern. And this is a dangerous concern. And that’s the dangerous concentration of power in the hands of a very few ultra-wealthy people,” Biden said. “Today, an oligarchy is taking shape in America of extreme wealth, power, and influence that literally threatens our entire democracy, our basic rights and freedoms, and a fair shot for everyone to get ahead.”

The lack of self-awareness is incredible, but maybe I’m expecting too much from an senile old man. If what we’re seeing now in the new Trump administration is an oligarchy, what the hell does Biden think his presidency was? Democracy? In politics, you need a short memory in order to function, but that doesn’t mean the rest of us need to be so forgetful. It was barely just a few years ago the “tech bros” Biden now decries as forming an oligarchy were firmly in the left-wing camp. Why didn’t Biden say anything then?

Likewise, why did the tech bros get wealthier during Biden’s time, if he’s such a warrior for the people?

From X account “unusual_whales:”

BREAKING: The very richest Americans are among the biggest winners from President Joe Biden’s time in office, despite his farewell address warning of an “oligarchy” and a “tech industrial complex” that threaten US democracy.

The 100 wealthiest Americans got more than $1.5 trillion richer over the last four years, with tech tycoons including Elon Musk, Larry Ellison and Mark Zuckerberg leading the way, according to the Bloomberg Billionaires Index.

The top 0.1% gained more than $6 trillion, Federal Reserve estimates through September show.

The alliance between Big Business and the state has been a problem since before most of us were born. You’d think Biden, who’s been in government for 50 years, would know that if he’s really worried about it. What’s actually happening is that he’s no longer at the top of that oligarchy, so he can now transition to playing the role of elder statesmen, looking out for the people. Is there anything about Biden that isn’t a construct?

Perhaps what drew the most public consternation was him pardoning his own family for crime they might’ve committed going back the last 10 years, on top of the pardon he already issued to his hot mess of a son, Hunter Biden:

Source

Even many liberals were troubled by Biden’s actions, since it clearly throws cold water on the narrative that the American Left is less corrupt than the Right.

The excuse made by Biden, along with what supporters he has left, is that the Trump administration will attempt to charge and convict everyone within the Biden orbit of supposedly false crimes. The problem is, a pardon is only applicable in the event of conviction. One cannot be pardoned for a crime they were never convicted of, let alone never committed. Remember that the 1915 Supreme Court case Burdick v. United States ruled that a pardon implies guilt and that the acceptance of a pardon is effectively an admission of guilt. Therefore, the “false charges” excuse doesn’t apply.

The predictable counter-argument is that the same rule applies to the January 6 protesters who were pardoned by Trump on the day he took office. Certainly, pardoning them means they were guilty, doesn’t it? The difference is that the January 6 protesters were already charged and many convicted. Dropping or overturning charges is next to impossible for the defendants at this point, so a pardon was really their only salvation. Not to mention the charges themselves were outrageous, given the way the system generally gives left-wing protesters a pass in comparison, and many of the sentences were even more outrageous, in excess of what many receive for assault and manslaughter.

Biden, on the other hand, is pardoning his people for crimes they might’ve committed. So, what the hell are they for?

But perhaps the decision to pardon Anthony Fauci, the face of America’s anti-COVID response, is most mystifying of all:

Source

Excuse my language once more, but why the fuck would Anthony Fauci need a pardon??? What sorts of crimes could Fauci have committed that would necessitate preemptive exoneration? And why does his pardon go back to 2014 also? What exactly happened that year that he and everyone else in Biden’s orbit needs to be given effective immunity for?

Bret Weinstein said it best:

These pardons are key components of a coverup. Even if they stand, they must not deter us from uncovering the crime.

I couldn’t care less at this point whether these pardons stick. I couldn’t care less if the Bidens and everyone within their orbit get to live as free people (preferably beyond American borders). I do care that we discover what crimes they committed and that their names are forever disgraced. In mere days, the false-on-its-face myth of Biden as the Least Corrupt, Most Moral President Ever, has been completely demolished.

So yeah, farewell, Joe. Get the hell out of our lives and don’t let the door knock your old ass out.

12 Months To Go

What are your predictions for 2025? Is there anything you disagree with? Is it worthwhile to make educated guesses? Or shall we just sit back and enjoy the ride?

Talk about it in the comments section.

Max Remington writes about armed conflict and prepping. Follow him on Twitter at @AgentMax90.

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